Retrovirus: Retroviruses attach to plasma membrane proteins and glycoproteins. Bacteriophage: Tail fibers of the bacteriophage attach to cell wall proteins of the bacteria. Retrovirus: Retroviral capsid enters the cell via endocytosis or fusion.
Bacteriophage: Viral DNA is injected into the bacterium by bacteriophages. Retrovirus: Capsid proteins of the retrovirus are removed by enzymatic reactions after penetration. Bacteriophage: Since viral genome is directly injected, no capsid uncoating is required inside the host. Bacteriophage: Bacteriophage synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm.
Retrovirus: Enveloped retroviruses are bud out and non-enveloped viruses rupture the plasma membrane. Bacteriophage: Bacteriophages are released from the lysis of the host cell. Retroviruses and bacteriophages are two types of infectious bacteria. Retroviruses infect plants and animals while bacteriophages infect bacteria and archaea. Retroviruses consist of RNA in their genome. The life cycle of the bacteriophage can be either lytic or lysogenic.
However, the main difference between retrovirus and bacteriophage is in their hosts that are infected by each of the bacteria. Reference: 1. Image Courtesy: 1. Figure 1: HIV. Figure 2: Typical tailed bacteriophage. View all posts. Leave a Reply Cancel reply. They are capable of infecting almost all living organisms including animals, plants and bacteria.
According to the Baltimore classification system, viruses can be classified into seven groups based on the type of the genome they possess. Retrovirus and bacteriophage are two important categories of virus. The key difference between retrovirus and bacteriophage is that retrovirus is a group of virus which contains a positive sense single-stranded RNA genome and is able to replicate via an intermediate of DNA while bacteriophage is a bacteria-infecting virus which contains either DNA or RNA genome.
Overview and Key Difference 2. What is Retrovirus 3. What is Bacteriophage 4. Side by Side Comparison — Retrovirus vs Bacteriophage 5. Retrovirus is a viral group which possesses a positive sense single-stranded RNA genome. They contain an enzyme called reverse transcriptase and their replication occurs via a DNA intermediate. The production of an intermediate DNA during the replication is unique to this group of viruses. During the infection, retroviruses attach with host cell through the specific glycoproteins located at the outer surface of the viral particle.
They fuse with the cell membrane and enter into the host cell. After penetration into the host cell cytoplasm, retrovirus reverse transcribes its genome into double-stranded DNA using reverse transcriptase enzyme. The new DNA incorporates into host cell genome using an enzyme called integrase.
Though the infection occurs, host cell fails to recognize viral DNA after integration. Hence, during the host genome replication, viral genome replicates and produces necessary proteins to make new copies of viral particles.
Due to their natural ability to insert the viral genome inside the host organisms, retroviruses are used in gene delivery systems, and they are considered as valuable research tools in Molecular Biology.
A bacteriophage phage is a virus which infects and propagates within a specific bacterium. They are also known as bacteria eaters since they act as bactericidal agents. Bacteriophages were discovered by Frederick W. They are the most abundant viruses on the earth.
Mothers can also transmit the virus to their child through breastfeeding. HTLV1 is associated with the development of acute T cell leukemias. But a variety of treatments can help to keep them managed. People undergoing ART take a combination of medications. Each of these medications targets the virus in different ways.
This is important because the virus easily mutates, which can make it resistant to certain medications. Managing acute T-cell leukemia due to HTLV1 often involves chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplants. A combination of the drugs interferon and zidovudine may also be used.
Both of these drugs help to prevent retroviruses from attacking new cells and replication. Retroviruses are a type of virus that use a special enzyme called reverse transcriptase to translate its genetic information into DNA. Bacterial and viral infections are often transmitted in similar ways, but symptoms and treatment methods may vary depending on the cause of your…. There are several types of viral disease, depending on the underlying virus.
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