DLNA only works for files you have locally. You can only use the media you have on your local storage devices. The DLNA specification defines only a handful of audio and video formats it supports. DLNA also defines certain types of "profiles," so some MP4 files might not be supported depending on their resolution, bitrate, and other details.
Device creators can't add support for these because that would violate the DLNA specification. Not all local media files will work. DLNA also must involve files. You can't use DLNA to stream the contents of your screen from one device to another, as you can do with Apple's AirPlay , Google's Chromecast , or the finicky Miracast wireless display standard. You can't play a game on a device and stream the output of your display to another device, give a presentation, or mirror your display for any other reason.
There's a good chance you have DLNA-enabled devices already. However, DLNA is clearly on its way out. Apple devices have never supported DLNA without third-party software. DLNA was built for a world where local media was king, not a world of online video services, music-streaming sites, photo-sharing sites, and a devices with their own screens you might want to share.
If you use local media files at home, you can still use DLNA to play media files -- at least some of them -- across your devices. Some DLNA server software will try to make up for this shortfall by transcoding files from a non-compliant format to a compliant one on the fly, but results vary. DLNA was developed more than a decade ago, when tapping into your vein of locally stored media was the only way to stream a movie or photo slideshow from your computer to your TV.
Just be aware of its limitations and be prepared to endure some trial and error before you find the combination of components and server software that works best on your network. Even if DLNA eventually falls by the wayside, the alliance itself continues to do good work. Michael Ansaldo is a veteran consumer and small-business technology journalist.
Music Streaming Media. The difference is DMR-certified devices can be seen by a Digital Media Controller, and media can be streamed to it from a digital media server. While a certified Digital Media Player can only play what it sees on its menu, you can control a Digital Media Renderer externally. In addition, many standalone media streamers, smart TVs, and home theater receivers can be certified as Digital Media Renderers. This certification category applies to go-between devices that can find media on a Digital Media Server and send it to the Digital Media Renderer.
Smartphones, tablets, computer software like Twonky Beam. Some cameras and camcorders may be certified as Digital Media Controllers. You may see the DLNA logo on a product or product description, but rarely will you see what certification it has been given. The DLNA website lists many products under each certification. Other DLNA certification categories apply to digital media printers and specific mobile devices.
These certifications allow mobile devices to upload media through the network to a computer or media server. A computer or media server can save these files, eliminating the need to connect the camera for future file playback. Similarly, a Mobile Digital Media downloader can find media on a media server and save the file to itself. For example, you can find music in a PC music library and load it to your phone via the home network.
Here are a few more points about DLNA-certified devices to consider:. Understanding the DLNA certifications helps to understand what's possible in home networking. For example, DLNA makes it possible to walk in with your smartphone loaded with photos and videos from your day at the beach, press a button, and start playing it on your TV without the need for any connections. In , the DLNA disbanded as a non-profit trade organization and relinquished all certification and other related support services to Spirespark.
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