The kingdom includes diatoms, algae, protozoans and diatoms. Smaller than Protista as they contain small microorganisms. Relatively larger than Monera as they contain larger organisms.
Cell wall. The cell wall is not well-defined. The cell wall is present and well-defined. They are found everywhere. They are found in moist and shady places and aquatic regions. The actual nucleus is absent in Monera.
Nucleus is attached to the nuclear membrane in Protista. Flagella, Pseudopodia and cilia. Most of them do not contain cilia, pseudopodia or flagella. They facilitate locomotion in Protista. Monera reproduces asexually through budding or binary fission. Protista reproduces both sexually and asexually.
Mode of nutrition. They are either heterotrophic or autotrophic. They can be holozoic, photosynthetic or parasitic. Mode of respiration. Cellular respiration occurs aerobically or through fermentation. They are found everywhere which includes water, soil, or on large organisms.
Archaebacteria -Archaebacteria is considered as the most primitive kind of bacteria and is said to evolve just after first life on earth. They usually live in extreme environments like salt lakes, marshlands, oceans and hot springs.
They are of three types halophiles, thermophiles, and methanogens. Protista is considered to be the predecessor of the plants, fungus, and animals.
In , Ernst Haeckel used the word Protista for the first time. Protista are said to be the first eukaryotic forms of life. So they have a well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Protista is the large group, consisting of around 16 phyla.
Maximum members of this category are aquatic in nature. Some of them are responsible for causing serious human diseases like sleeping sickness and malaria.
These are the simplest eukaryotic organisms. Mostly live in the aquatic region, moist soil or in the body of plants and humans. They have mitochondria for cellular respiration, while some contain chloroplast for photosynthesis. The nuclei have multiple DNA strands. Their movements are through flagella or cilia. Their mode of nutrition can be autotrophic or heterotrophic.
Protists reproduce either sexually or asexually through mitosis or meiosis. Green algae, red algae, brown algae, water molds, dinoflagellate, amoeba are few examples of protists. In the provided article we discussed the monera and protists, which are among the five kingdoms of classification, under which all kinds of life present on earth is classified.
Monera is said to be the ancient form of life living on earth and even still they exist generously as well ubiquitously. Monera is the kingdom which contains the least organized unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms on earth. Microorganisms in kingdom Monera play a vital role in nitrogen and carbon cycles. They are metabolically diverse, using a variety of substrates as their energy and carbon sources. Asexual reproduction is identified in monerans, occurring by binary fission, budding and fragmentation.
Since monerans are prokaryot , they do not have membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus. Horizontal gene transfer is also found in monerans. Archaebacteria, cyanobacteria and eubacteria are the three domains of kingdom Monera. Archebacteria are considered to be evolved just after the first life on earth.
Hence, they are called ancient bacteria. Archaebacteria usually live in extreme environments like hot springs, salt lakes, oceans, marshlands and soils. They were also found in human skin, oral cavity and colon as well. Three types of archaebacteria are found: methanogens, halophiles and thermophiles.
Methanogens live in oxygen-free environments whereas halophiles live in water with high salt concentrations. Thermophiles live in hot environments. Eubacteria are found in almost all habitats like soil, water and in and on large organisms.
Some eubacteria generate parasitic and pathogenic effects on their hosts. The cell wall of eubacteria is made up of peptidoglycans and murins. Two types of eubacteria are found: gram positive and gram negative bacteria.
Cyanobacteria are the only photosynthesizing prokaryotes. Photosynthesis occurs in the folds of the outer membranes of cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria were responsible for the conversion of the reducing atmosphere of early earth into the oxidizing atmosphere. They are found in each and every aquatic habitat from fresh water to ocean. Cancel Delete. Are you sure you want to delete your Profile? This will remove all of your posts, saved information and delete your account.
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